6Плавальна екіпіровка

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Swimwear used in any Aquatic sport in the Olympic Games or in any World Aquatics Event must comply with the requirements of this Article 6 of this Part One. World Aquatics will only recognise a performance for qualification for the Olympic Games or any World Aquatics Event, and for World Aquatics Rankings purposes, if the Athlete used Swimwear that complies with the requirements of this Article 6 of this Part One.

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In determining the requirements for Swimwear in Aquatic sports and other related matters, World Aquatics is guided by the principles of fair competition, the sound development of Aquatic sports, and Athlete safety and health.

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Athletes must use Swimwear that is non-transparent (with the exception of goggles), is in good moral taste, is suitable for the individual Aquatic sport, and does not feature any symbol or marking that may be considered offensive.

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The specific requirements for Swimwear, including in relation to design, composition, colour, material, flexibility, and construction are set out below in Article 6.8 (swimsuits), Article 6.9 (wetsuits), Article 0 (Article 6.10) (swim caps), and Article 6.11 (goggles) of this Part One. The Swimwear and/or the Material used in Swimwear must not put the health of Athletes at risk.

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Athletes in Swimming and Open Water Swimming competitions must use Swimwear that complies with the requirements of this Article 6 of this Part One and is on the List of Approved Swimwear at the time of the competition.

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World Aquatics operates a Swimwear approval procedure that is conducted by the World Aquatics Office and supervised by an Independent Swimwear Expert (see Articles 6.12 to 6.14 of this Part One).

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Appointment and role of the Independent Swimwear Expert:

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The Bureau has the power to appoint and remove the Independent Swimwear Expert.

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The Independent Swimwear Expert must hold biomechanical or other suitable qualifications and experience.

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The Independent Swimwear Expert will be independent from the manufacturers and, in particular, must not have any relationship with a Swimwear manufacturer (including of a contractual nature or as a direct or indirect shareholder) or have had such a relationship in the period of five (5) years prior to the date of appointment as the Independent Swimwear Expert.

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The Independent Swimwear Expert will develop and propose uniform principles and directions for the approval of new advancements in the field of competition Swimwear and equipment.

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The Independent Swimwear Expert will have the responsibility and authority:

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to assess whether Swimwear complies with the technical and procedural requirements of this Article 6 of this Part One, in coordination with the Swimwear testing laboratory;

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to approve or reject a Swimwear approval application submitted by a manufacturer;

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to provide expertise to the World Aquatics Office; and

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regarding any other matter related to Swimwear.

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World Aquatics will add approved Swimwear to the List of Approved Swimwear and publish and maintain the List of Approved Swimwear on its website. If a manufacturer notifies World Aquatics that Swimwear on the List of Approved Swimwear has been discontinued and is no longer available on the market then World Aquatics will remove the Swimwear from the List of Approved Swimwear.

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Swimsuits used in Swimming competitions and in Open Water Swimming competitions with a water temperature of 18.0°C or above:

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Design requirements:

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The wearing of the swimsuit must not offend morality and good taste (in particular, because of the cut of the suit and/or exposure of body parts, whether covered or not).

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For swimsuits used in Swimming competitions, women’s swimsuits must not cover the neck or extend past the shoulders or below the knee, and men’s swimsuits must not extend above the navel or below the knee.

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In Open Water Swimming competitions:

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Men’s swimsuits and women’s swimsuits must not cover the neck, extend past the shoulders, or extend below the ankle.

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In accordance with Article 10.3 of Part Three, if the water temperature ranges between 18.0°C and 20.0°C, and the Chief Referee determines, on the joint recommendation of the Safety Officer and the Medical Officer, that conditions are hazardous for the Athletes, the Chief Referee may require all Athletes to compete in wetsuits.

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Men’s swimsuits must be in one (1) piece. Subject to compliance with the other requirements of Article 6.8.1 of this Part One, women’s swimsuits may be in one (1) or two (2) pieces.

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The wearing or covering of the body by any item that is not part of the swimsuit (or cap or goggles) is prohibited.

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Colours may vary freely and will not be considered as part of the design. However, colour variations must not affect compliance with the technical requirements of Article 6.8 of this Part One.

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Material requirements:

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The Material used for swimsuits must be:

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"textile fabric(s)" (i.e., Material consisting of natural and/or synthetic, individual and non-consolidated yarns used to constitute a fabric by weaving, knitting, and/or braiding;

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flexible and soft folding; and

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regular and flat, and must not form shapes or structures in the outer surface.

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A swimsuit may be produced from more than one (1) textile fabric Material.

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Subject to Article 6.8.4.3 of Part One, at any part of the swimsuit, a maximum of two (2) layers of textile fabric Material is permitted (for example, a combination of layers may be used for comfort, protection of sensitive body parts, or decency). The combination or arrangement of layers must not form shapes or structures in the outer surface.

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Non-textile fabric Materials or elements or applications may be used on seams in the following cases:

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In edge seams, including the use of grippers (e.g., silicone strips and/or elastic cords) to assist the fabric to hold in place against the skin.

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In waistbands and straps (e.g., elastic cord inside folded Material).

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The use of glue to fix the seam or the corresponding reinforcement tapes.

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Surface treatment of the textile fabric is permitted, subject to the following requirements:

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Subject to Article 6.8.2.4.2 of this Part One, any Material added or applied to any part of the surface of the textile fabric before, during, or after its processing (for example, coating, printing, impregnation, heating, calendaring, etc) must not close the overall open mesh structure of the base textile fabric.

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Surface treatment of Material in a manner that closes the overall open mesh structure of the base textile fabric is permitted for seams (sawn, welded, taped, glued, etc), markings (manufacturer and/or sponsor logos as permitted in Article 7 of this Part One: printed or affixed on the base Material) or labels (homologation or technical labels as permitted by the rules).

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At all times (i.e., from the initial Material production stages until the finished Product stage and the use of the swimsuit in competition), the treated Material must comply with all requirements specified in this Article 6 of this Part One, in particular the thickness, permeability, and flexibility requirements.

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Material measurements requirements:

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Thickness:

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The maximum total thickness of the Material(s) used is 0.8 mm.

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The thickness of layered Materials is the total thickness of both layers measured together.

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The maximum total thickness does not apply to seams if the seams are purely and solely functional and their thickness and width are the result of their natural functions.

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The Material may vary in thickness at different parts of the swimsuit, but the thickness of thinnest part of the Material must not be less than 50% of the thickness of the thickest part of the Material (excluding seams, markings, or labels).

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Permeability:

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Material(s) used must at any point (except on seams, logos or labels) have a permeability value of more than 80 litres per m2 per second (l/m2/s).

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Permeability values are measured on Material with a uniform bidirectional and perpendicular stretch of 25%.

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However, measures on Material that cannot be significantly stretched will be carried out on unstretched, flattened Material.

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The permeability of layered Materials is the permeability of both layers measured together.

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The permeability requirements do not apply to seams if the seams are purely and solely functional and their thickness and width are the result of their natural functions.

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Construction requirements:

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No zippers or other fastening systems are allowed.

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Any swimsuit that contains or includes any system or feature that provides external stimulation or influence of any kind (including, for example, pain reduction, chemical or medical substance release, electro stimulation, etc) is prohibited.

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The use of swimsuit Products with a period-proof element is permitted, subject to the following requirements:

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The location of the period-proof element in the swimsuit must be the crotch area.

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The period-proof element in the swimsuit will be at maximum 150 mm in the front area and at maximum 100 mm in the rear area (all seams included).

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At the location of the period-proof element, a third Material layer may be permitted. If a third Material lawyer is used, the thickness of the swimsuit at the location of the period-proof element may be a maximum total thickness of 2.5 mm.

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A swimsuit that contains a period-proof element is not subject to any permeability requirement at the location of the period-proof element.

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A Product may exist in regular version and in a period-proof version.

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Seam requirements:

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Seams on swimsuits are permitted but (1) must be purely and solely functional and their thickness and width must be the result of their natural functions and must not form shapes or structures in the outer surface, (2) must not exceed certain width requirements, and (3) must comply with certain numerical and location requirements.

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Whether a seam is purely and solely functional will be assessed during the Swimwear approval procedure as part of the overall evaluation of the individual swimsuit. The function of seams is to join, bind, and/or finish. Seams have a specific construction (i.e., glued or welded seams, use of folded Material, use of elastic bands or silicone or similar strips) that is different from the sole use of textile fabric Material. Specifically in swimsuits, seams may be used for the following functions:

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to join together different parts of continuous Material of the swimsuit (seams);

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to properly finish the swimsuit at its edges (edge seams);

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to hold the swimsuit legs in place and prevent them sliding (grippers);

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to hold a swimsuit in place at the waist (waistband); or

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to maintain the upper part of a women’s swimsuit (straps).

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Seams must comply with the following width requirements:

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Joining and/or bonding seams must not exceed 10 mm.

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Reinforcement and/or protection tapes, such as those used to form or cover welded seams must not exceed 20 mm.

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Edge seams and grippers must not exceed 20 mm.

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Waistbands must not exceed 25.4 mm.

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Straps, or a combination of straps, must not exceed 50 mm.

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For any seam based on a technique using glue and a covering tape (notably to take into account overspill or irregularities in the treatment), the glued area is part of the seam (bounding area) and must remain within the maximum width.

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Seams must comply with the following numerical and location requirements:

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The authorised number of seams for the upper part (above the crotch area) are nine (9) seams for Men’s swimsuits and eleven (11) seams for Women’s swimsuits.

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The authorised number of seams for the lower part (below the crotch area) are four (4) on each leg for both Men’s swimsuits and Women’s swimsuits.

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If two (2) or more seams are combined or merged, they count as two (2) or more different seams in any area where their combined width is above the maximum width of a seam.

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The reference line is always horizontal (as shown in the figure below).

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The total number of seams is the sum of the full circumflex.

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Wetsuits used in Open Water Swimming competitions with a water temperature of below 18°C:

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Design requirements:

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The wetsuit must completely cover the torso, back, and thighs. The wetsuit must not extend beyond the neck, wrists, or ankles.

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The wetsuit may but need not necessarily cover the arms (i.e., extend past the shoulders) or the lower legs (i.e., extend below the thigh).

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The wetsuit must be in one (1) piece.

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The wearing or covering of the body by any non-approved item that is not part of the wetsuit (or cap or goggles) is prohibited.

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Material requirements:

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Material used for wetsuits must have thermal insulation properties (for example, foam of polychloroprene (Neoprene), polyurethane, or another Material with similar insulating properties). Material without insulating properties must not be used.

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The Material may be multilayered, and may include non-water permeable layers.

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The Material must not contain injected gas.

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Construction and Material measurement requirements:

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Subject to Article 6.9.3.2 of this Part One, the thickness of the wetsuit (at any location) must be at least 3 mm and must not exceed 5 mm.

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Provided the thermal insulation properties are not compromised, the applicant may request approval of a wetsuit with a thickness of below 3 mm (but at least 1 mm) in limited specific areas, if those features are functionally justified to permit freer movement by the swimmer. The Independent Swimwear Expert will determine the request in his/her sole discretion, and his/her decision is not subject to challenge. For more information see the explanatory note on the World Aquatics website and/or contact the World Aquatics Office.

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Permeability of the Material is not measured.

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Zippers or other fastening systems are permitted but must be solely functional.

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Swimming caps used in Swimming and in Open Water Swimming competitions:

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Design requirements:

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The cap must be an independent item.

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The cap must not be attached to the swimsuit, wetsuit, or goggles, and must not be in continuity with the swimsuit, wetsuit, or goggles (i.e., no “hood” or “mask” effect is permitted).

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The cap shape must follow the natural form of the head.

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The cap outer surface must not include artificial shaping, such as rigs, spoilers, or similar features.

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Material and Construction requirements:

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The cap must not be made from hard Material (the Material used may have some degree of rigidity but must be able to follow the shape of the head: no hard helmets are permitted).

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The cap may be Constructed from more than one type of Material.

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The cap Materials can be of different thicknesses, subject to the maximum thickness requirement. However, differences in the thickness must not be used to form shapes or structures in the outer surface.

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The thickness of the cap (at any location) must not exceed 2 mm.

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Seams, if any, must be functional and must not create shapes or structures in the outer surface.

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Colours may vary freely and will not be considered as part of the design. However, colour variations must not affect compliance with the technical requirements of Article 0 (Article 6.10) of this Part One.

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Goggles:

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Design requirements:

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The goggles must be an independent item.

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The goggles must not be attached to the cap, and must not be in continuity with the cap (i.e., no “hood” or “mask” effect is permitted).

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Material and Construction requirements:

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The goggles must comply with prevailing safety standards for eyewear.

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The functions of goggles are to protect the eyes against water and to ensure visibility. Their design and Construction must serve these functions and must not seek to obtain aquadynamic advantages (e.g., through the formation of shapes or structures in the outer surface not related to the above functions).

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The goggles must not feature any sharp edges.

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Colours may vary freely and will not be considered as part of the design. However, colour variations must not affect compliance with the technical requirements of Article 6.11 of this Part One.

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The Swimwear approval procedure commences when the applicant manufacturer submits an application to World Aquatics in accordance with the protocol described on the World Aquatics website.

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In respect of any particular Swimwear:

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The applicant manufacturer will be the company that actually markets the corresponding Swimwear to its end- users through customary sales channels (for example, wholesalers and/or retailers and/or direct sales) that respectively sell and/or supply the Swimwear to Athletes and/or teams.

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Manufacturers acting as subcontractors for one or more other companies cannot apply for approval of the Swimwear supplied to other companies.

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If a specific Material or model is manufactured and supplied to different companies that then market or supply it, each of these different companies must submit an application for approval, notwithstanding that the Material or models marketed and supplied to these different companies may have the same manufacturing sources.

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Timing of the application:

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An application may be submitted at any time.

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An applicant manufacturer must submit an application in good time prior to competitions in which it or an Athlete may wish the relevant Product to be used. Unless otherwise stated in this Article 6 of this Part One, World Aquatics does not guarantee that any particular application will be determined or approved by any given date. World Aquatics will not be responsible or liable for any delays in the processing of the application, testing, or processing of resubmitted applications.

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Following submission of the online application, the applicant manufacturer must send to World Aquatics Samples of the Products and Materials that are the subject of the application, in accordance with the protocol described on the World Aquatics website.

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On receipt of the Samples, World Aquatics will invoice the applicant manufacturer for the application fee, which comprises a contribution to the administrative, expert, and testing costs incurred by World Aquatics, and is calculated based on the number of Products and Materials that are the subject of the application (in accordance with the fees set out on the World Aquatics website). Any additional costs associated with the application (for example, customs clearance fees charged to World Aquatics, etc) will be borne by and re-charged to the applicant manufacturer.

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When the World Aquatics invoice has been paid in full by the applicant manufacturer (and payment received in full by World Aquatics), the application will be deemed fully submitted.

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World Aquatics and the Independent Swimwear Expert will conduct an initial review of the application and determine and arrange for the necessary technical testing of Samples.

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Technical testing of Sample thickness by the testing laboratory will be conducted in accordance with the following specifications (in summary):

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Maximum value: equal to or less than 0.8 mm.

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Minimum value: equal to or greater than 50% of the maximum value.

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Tolerance: +/- 0.1 mm.

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The equipment will consist of a reference plate, a disk (parallel to the plate) together with a test gauge capable of measuring the distance between disk and plate with an accuracy of at least 0.01 mm.

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Specifications according to ISO 5084: disk size 100 mm2 +/- 1 mm2, diameter 11.28 mm +/- 0.05 mm, and pressure 1 kPa +/- 0.01 kPa.

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Technical testing of Sample permeability by the testing laboratory will be conducted in accordance with the following specifications (in summary):

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Minimum value: equal to or greater than 80 litres per m2 per second (l/m2/s).

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Tolerance: +/- 5 % (in the range of the minimum value).

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Measurement of air permeability: A flow of air is sucked through the textile fabric Material specimen, a tube system and differential pressure transducer. The unit measures the resultant differential pressure (proportional to volumetric flow), the absolute pressure, and the medium temperature. The air permeability of the measured specimen is established based on those values. The value of permeability is given in litres per m2 per second (l/m2/s) for a given Material.

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The measurement characteristics are as follows:

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Measuring area: diameter 25 mm.

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Differential pressure: 20 Pa.

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Measuring range: 0-400 l/m2/s (high accuracy around the minimum value).

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Definition of stretch: uniform bidirectional and perpendicular stretch of 25% applied to the fabric (see figure immediately below).

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The swimsuit Material will be tested new and dry.

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If the test value is close to the minimum value, the test will be repeated for accuracy purposes.

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Other testing requirements and additional clarifications:

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The manufacturer of a Product is responsible for ensuring that the Material used meets the requirements of this Article 6 of this Part One, irrespective of the colour of the Material. An applicant manufacturer may, but is not required to, submit for testing Samples of the same Material in different colour variations.

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During testing, permeability and thickness will be measured on the layered Materials combined together. However, for any testing, the applicant manufacturer must also provide unbound Samples of each Material used. Textile fabric Samples must be cut in the principle direction of the yarns/fabric (in the direction of the roll of Material).

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Thermal insulation properties of Material are tested or otherwise assessed during the Swimwear approval procedure. Approval of a Product under the Swimwear approval procedure is not (and should not be interpreted as) any warranty or confirmation by World Aquatics and/or the Independent Swimwear Expert of the capacity of the Product to insulate and/or effectively protect an Athlete from the effects on the body of low water temperature.

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World Aquatics and the Independent Swimwear Expert will obtain the technical testing results from the testing laboratory:

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Information related to the test results of specific Samples are communicated to the Applicant concerned, upon request. No results are communicated to any other third party.

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The only results relevant for the approval procedure of Swimwear are those obtained by the Independent Swimwear Expert, from the samples submitted with the application, or from additional Samples specifically requested by the Independent Swimwear Expert.

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Measurements taken outside of that procedure on the same samples, or others, are not relevant for the approval procedure, irrespective of the equipment used.

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Following receipt of the results of any necessary technical testing, World Aquatics and the Independent Swimwear Expert will conduct a full review of the application and examination of the technical testing results.

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World Aquatics and the Independent Swimwear Expert will determine the application and report the decision in writing to the applicant manufacturer within sixty (60) days from the latest date of payment of any applicable fees in relation to the application.

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If the application for approval of a Product is granted:

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An approval is valid upon its notification in writing to the applicant manufacturer, but an approval will only be effective, i.e., the approved Swimwear may only be used in the Olympic Games or in any World Aquatics Event or for the purposes set out in to Article 6.1 of this Part One, from the date that the following criteria are all met:

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the Product is published on the List of Approved Swimwear;

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the Product is available on the market for purchase by any Athlete and Member Federation; and

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unless otherwise agreed in writing by World Aquatics, the Product has been available on the market for purchase by any Athlete and Member Federation for a period of thirty (30) days.

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If requested by World Aquatics, an applicant manufacturer must promptly provide evidence of Product availability on the market at the relevant dates.

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If a Product does not meet the market availability requirements of Article 6.14.2.1 of this Part One, or World Aquatics has reasonable grounds to believe that the Product does not meet the market availability requirements of Article 6.14.2.1 of this Part One, World Aquatics will temporarily suspend the approval and remove the Product from the List of Approved Swimwear until satisfactory evidence of the Product market availability is provided.

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Approval of a Product remains valid unless and until (1) the date that amended requirements in these Competition Regulations for the specific Swimwear come into effect (irrespective of the nature or extent of the amendment(s)), or (2) the date that any maximum period of validity determined by World Aquatics expires.

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If the requirements in these Competition Regulations for Swimwear are amended, a manufacturer may submit an application for re-approval of the Product. The Independent Swimwear Expert may in his/her sole discretion decide to exempt, in full or in part, certain types or categories of previously approved Swimwear from a re-approval procedure. The Independent Swimwear Expert’s decision as to whether or not to grant an exemption (or the conditions on which to grant any exemption) will not be subject to any review of challenge.

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If a maximum period of validity is determined by World Aquatics and expires, a manufacturer may submit an application for re-approval of the Product. World Aquatics is entitled (in its sole discretion) to adopt a simplified re- approval procedure.

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If the application for approval of a Product is not granted, World Aquatics and the Independent Swimwear Expert will identify in the decision the ground(s) for non-approval.

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If an application for approval of a Product is not granted, the applicant manufacturer may resubmit an application for approval of a Product that is identical to the Product that was not approved save for modifications made to the Product to remedy the issues that the Independent Swimwear Expert identified as the grounds for non-approval.

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An application for approval may be resubmitted one or more times. Each resubmitted application will follow the same Swimwear approval procedure as set out in this Article 6 of this Part One, including payment of further application fees (unless World Aquatics determines, in its sole discretion, to reduce or waive the application fees).

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The following exceptions to the usual Swimwear approval process apply:

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Goggles:

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If goggles are certified to ISO 18527-3:2020(E) standards and the manufacturer warrants that they comply with the requirements of this Article 6 of this Part One, World Aquatics will process the goggles under a simplified approval procedure:

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The manufacturer must send to World Aquatics a sample of the goggles with the certificate of ISO-conformity and an application fee (as described on the World Aquatics website).

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World Aquatics will retain the sample of the goggles on file, but no testing of the goggles by the testing laboratory will be conducted. On receipt of the sample, certificate of ISO-conformity, and application fee, World Aquatics will publish the goggles on the List of Approved Swimwear.

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Period-proof swimsuits:

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If an application for the ‘regular’ (without period-proof elements) Product has already been approved, and an application for the period-proof version of the same Product has been submitted (with the applicable application fee, as described on the World Aquatics website), World Aquatics is entitled (in its sole discretion) to adopt a simplified approval procedure for the period-proof version.

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If an application for the period-proof version of a Product is approved, the Product will be immediately added to the List of Approved Swimwear.

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If a Product that is a swimsuit or wetsuit is approved by World Aquatics, World Aquatics will provide to the applicant manufacturer a World Aquatics Homologation Mark, which the applicant manufacturer must apply to the Product (or if the Product is in two pieces, to both pieces) before it is offered for sale or otherwise used by an Athlete.

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The World Aquatics Homologation Mark is specific to each Product, carries a unique identification number, and indicates that the Product has been approved by World Aquatics. Review of the World Aquatics Homologation Mark by Technical Officials will be the primary means of ensuring that Athletes use approved Swimwear. The World Aquatics Homologation Mark must be applied to the Product in a location that permits straightforward control.

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The World Aquatics Homologation Mark must be printed or fixed to the Product in accordance with the specifications stated from time to time by World Aquatics on its website, and in a manner that ensures it cannot be removed without destroying the mark (in order to prevent transfer of the World Aquatics Homologation Mark from that Product to another Product).

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An applicant manufacturer must only apply the World Aquatics Homologation Mark to Products that are identical to, and fully consistent with the technical specifications of, the Samples that World Aquatics approved.

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World Aquatics may publish further regulations and/or guidance regarding World Aquatics Homologation Marks from time to time.

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World Aquatics is entitled to investigate and enforce compliance by Athletes and other persons with the requirements of this Article 6 of this Part One at any time and by any means. In particular:

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A Technical Official (or other World Aquatics designee) may conduct controls on Swimwear prior to competition (in the call room or otherwise). If Swimwear to be used by an Athlete is non-compliant (or there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Swimwear may be non-compliant), World Aquatics will seize the non-compliant Swimwear and determine whether or not to permit the Athlete to compete (if so, the Athlete must use compliant approved Swimwear, sourced at the Athlete’s cost).

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Use of a cap that complies with the technical requirements of Article 6 of this Part One and/or goggles that comply with the technical requirements of Article 6 of this Part One may, exceptionally and in the absolute discretion of World Aquatics’ designee or the competition's Technical Officials, be permitted.

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A Technical Official (or other World Aquatics designee) may conduct controls on Swimwear after an event or competition. If Swimwear used by an Athlete is non-compliant (or there is reasonable grounds to believe that the Swimwear may be non-compliant), World Aquatics will seize the non-compliant Swimwear. World Aquatics will request any comments from the Athlete and Product manufacturer, and if Swimwear used by an Athlete is non- compliant, the Athlete’s results in that competition will be disqualified.

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At any time, World Aquatics may request from an Athlete or a manufacturer (and the Athlete or manufacturer must promptly provide to World Aquatics) additional Samples of approved Products (whether generally, as available on the market, or specifically as worn at a particular competition).

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Product consistency and compliance:

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The manufacturer must ensure that approved Products that are manufactured must be identical to, and fully consistent with the technical specifications of, the Samples submitted to World Aquatics on which the approval was based.

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If at any time evidence demonstrates or gives reasonable grounds to believe that a Product is non-compliant (or is not identical to, and fully consistent with the technical specifications of, the Samples submitted to World Aquatics on which the approval was based):

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World Aquatics will request any comments from the Product manufacturer and may withdraw or suspend approval of a Product with immediate effect (and remove the Product from the List of Approved Swimwear).

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If necessary to preserve the integrity of competition, the World Aquatics Executive may provisionally suspend a Product’s approval without notice to the manufacturer.

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The Independent Swimwear Expert may, exceptionally, at his/her sole discretion, and in response to a reasoned and evidenced application from a manufacturer, permit minor functional modifications to an approved Product that address issues that had not been identified prior to the full manufacturing and use of the Product (for example, swimsuits breaking due to too weak seams, Material transparent when worn, necessity to protect sensitive parts with lining, discontinued Materials, etc). The manufacturer must confirm that any modifications have not yet been implemented and that if the modifications are permitted only modified models will be manufactured and distributed. World Aquatics reserves the right to require payment of additional fees, and/or to require further laboratory testing. The decisions of the Independent Swimwear Expert pursuant to this Article 6.18.2.3 are not subject to challenge.

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If World Aquatics withdraws approval of a Product:

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The manufacturer must pay to World Aquatics a withdrawal fee of ten thousand (10,000) United States dollars in respect of each withdrawn Product.

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World Aquatics will not process any new or pending applications by the manufacturer until payment of the withdrawal fee has been received.

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If the manufacturer resubmits an application for approval of a previously withdrawn Product, the manufacturer must submit evidence to satisfy World Aquatics that the manufacturer will produce a Product that is identical to, and fully consistent with the technical specifications of, the Samples submitted to World Aquatics for approval.

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An Athlete is not permitted to use approved Swimwear that has been modified, treated, impregnated, or processed in any way after its manufacture and production (including any modification or repair conducted by the Athlete or another person, for example, the addition of a new piece of fabric or repair of a seam).

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No customisation of an approved Product is permitted other than tailor-made individual body fitting as long as (1) the service is available on the market to all Athletes, (2) the Materials, Construction and Configuration of the tailor- made product are identical to the standard approved Product, and (3) the tailoring is done by the Manufacturer at the time of the Swimwear is produced (for example, a standard Product cannot be untucked and adjusted).

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The Independent Swimwear Expert and World Aquatics may, exceptionally and in their absolute discretion, issue an exemption from formal approval in respect of Swimwear that is determined following general and easily checked objective criteria to clearly be compliant.

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Exclusion of liability, and indemnity:

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To the full extent permitted by law, an applicant manufacturer expressly waives any claim against World Aquatics, its officers and employees, the Independent Swimwear Expert and/or any Committee members arising out or in connection with the Swimwear approval procedure set forth in this Article 6 of this Part One.

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Each applicant manufacturer will indemnify and hold harmless World Aquatics, its officers and employees, the Independent Swimwear Expert and/or any Committee members against any claims, damages, or costs (including reasonable legal fees) arising from or linked to any claims by third parties regarding approval or non-approval of the applicant manufacturer’s Product(s) and/or use by the applicant manufacturer of World Aquatics’ notice of approval.

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Any dispute regarding or decision on approval in connection with the Swimwear approval process in Article 6 of this Part One will be exclusively submitted to the Ordinary Division of the CAS in Lausanne, Switzerland, to be determined in accordance with the CAS Code procedural rules. A dispute regarding payments or values of less than one hundred thousand (100,000) United States dollars (or equivalent in another currency) will be heard by a sole arbitrator. The Constitution, the applicable World Aquatics Rules, and subsidiarily Swiss law will apply. The criteria for Swimwear and the conditions for exemptions set out in in Article 6 of this Part One will not be subject to challenge or review.